FileCoin官方文档有写Lotus Miner: Backup and restore，感兴趣的可以去看看，坑比较多，建议读本篇文章，这里会将一台有扇区的miner迁移到另外一台机器上。
首先我们需要创建备份目录
mkdir -p ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`
查看钱包列表
$ lotus wallet list -i
Address ID Balance Nonce Default
t3wrtndyosqzswvkodhxhsv6kdf6ikbrxtjunyarjyespio4rrduee6pkfcedl6seqflvyhcbae4p4uiimeuca t01003 10950571.297152337120942244 FIL 1316 X
备份矿工私钥
lotus wallet export t3wrtndyosqzswvkodhxhsv6kdf6ikbrxtjunyarjyespio4rrduee6pkfcedl6seqflvyhcbae4p4uiimeuca > ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/t01003_wallet.key
使用lotus-miner backup备份元数据
$ lotus-miner backup --offline ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/backup.cbor
2021-07-16T11:47:37.911Z INFO backupds backupds/datastore.go:75 Starting datastore backup
2021-07-16T11:47:39.309Z INFO backupds backupds/datastore.go:130 Datastore backup done
如果你的miner正在运行，只需要把–offline参数去掉即可
备份miner需要的文件文件
cp -r ~/.lotusminer/cache ~/.lotusminer/config.toml ~/.lotusminer/storage.json ~/.lotusminer/sectorstore.json ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`
因为我这里搭建的是2K本地测试网，生成的扇区文件并不大，我会直接把sealed也备份过去，如果你使用的NFS或者对象存储，按照最开始的配置在配置一下就可以
cp -r ~/.lotusminer/sealed ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`
然后将文件打包，传输到目标机器上
tar zcf lotus-backups.tar.gz lotus-backups/
scp lotus-backups.tar.gz ansheng@home:~/dist/
在恢复之前请确保你已经初始化了lotus环境并且节点已运行，最好是等待链同步完在执行恢复的操作
$ lotus sync wait
Worker: 72; Base: 154690; Target: 154692 (diff: 2)
State: complete; Current Epoch: 154692; Todo: 0
Validated 2 messages (1 per second)
Done!
解压备份的文件
tar xf lotus-backups.tar.gz
倒入矿工私钥
$ lotus wallet import ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/t01003_wallet.key
imported key t3wrtndyosqzswvkodhxhsv6kdf6ikbrxtjunyarjyespio4rrduee6pkfcedl6seqflvyhcbae4p4uiimeuca successfully!
查看钱包信息
$ lotus wallet list -i
Address ID Balance Nonce
t3wrtndyosqzswvkodhxhsv6kdf6ikbrxtjunyarjyespio4rrduee6pkfcedl6seqflvyhcbae4p4uiimeuca t01003 10950571.297152337120942244 FIL 1316
使用lotus-miner恢复元数据
$ lotus-miner init restore ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/backup.cbor
......
2021-07-16T12:42:33.301Z INFO paramfetch go-paramfetch@v0.0.2-0.20210614165157-25a6c7769498/paramfetch.go:207 parameter and key-fetching complete
2021-07-16T12:42:33.301Z INFO main lotus-storage-miner/init_restore.go:262 Initializing libp2p identity
2021-07-16T12:42:33.302Z INFO main lotus-storage-miner/init_restore.go:274 Configuring miner actor
2021-07-16T12:42:33.343Z INFO main lotus-storage-miner/init.go:596 Waiting for message: bafy2bzacec6lycxteqihbaetfmwu7eqa4cgzj4hthts247t5hayeixknpyigw
复制miner备份的配置文件
cp -r ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/cache ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/config.toml ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/storage.json ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/sectorstore.json ~/.lotusminer
将扇区文件目录复制过去
cp -r ~/lotus-backups/`date +%F`/sealed ~/.lotusminer/
启动矿工
lotus-miner run
查看miner信息
$ lotus-miner info
Chain: [sync ok] [basefee 100 aFIL]
Miner: t01005 (2 KiB sectors)
Power: 128 Ki / 168 Ki (76.1904%)
Raw: 128 KiB / 132 KiB (96.9696%)
Committed: 192 KiB
Proving: 192 KiB (64 KiB Faulty, 33.33%)
Expected block win rate: 21600.0000/day (every 4s)
Deals: 0, 0 B
Active: 0, 0 B (Verified: 0, 0 B)
Miner Balance: 10845181.845 FIL
PreCommit: 0
Pledge: 5.722 _FIL
Vesting: 1292521.568 FIL
Available: 9552660.277 FIL
Market Balance: 0
Locked: 0
Available: 0
Worker Balance: 10950571.297 FIL
Total Spendable: 20503231.574 FIL
Sectors:
Total: 96
Proving: 96
$ lotus-miner proving deadlines
Miner: t01005
deadline partitions sectors (faults) proven partitions
0 1 2 (0) 0
1 1 2 (0) 0
2 1 2 (0) 0
3 1 2 (0) 0
4 1 2 (0) 0
5 1 2 (0) 0
6 1 2 (0) 0
7 1 2 (0) 0
8 1 2 (0) 0
9 1 2 (0) 0
10 1 2 (0) 0
11 1 2 (0) 0
12 1 2 (0) 0
13 1 2 (0) 0
14 1 2 (0) 0
15 1 2 (0) 0
16 1 2 (0) 0
17 1 2 (0) 0
18 1 2 (0) 0
19 1 2 (0) 0
20 1 2 (0) 0
21 1 2 (0) 0
22 1 2 (0) 0
23 1 2 (0) 0
24 1 2 (0) 0
25 1 2 (0) 0
26 1 2 (0) 0
27 1 2 (2) 0
28 1 2 (2) 0
29 1 2 (2) 0
30 1 2 (2) 0
31 1 2 (2) 0
32 1 2 (2) 0
33 1 2 (2) 0
34 1 2 (2) 0
35 1 2 (2) 0
36 1 2 (2) 0
37 1 2 (2) 0
38 1 2 (2) 0
39 1 2 (2) 0
40 1 2 (0) 0
41 1 2 (0) 0
42 1 2 (2) 0
43 1 2 (2) 0
44 1 2 (2) 0
45 1 2 (0) 0 (current)
46 1 2 (0) 0
47 1 2 (0) 0
检查扇区文件的有效性，检查基本上都是ok的，我们等一轮wdpost就会变成有效算力了
$ for i in {0..47};do lotus-miner proving check $i ;done
deadline partition sector status
0 0 0 good
0 0 1 good
deadline partition sector status
1 0 5 good
1 0 9 good
deadline partition sector status
2 0 2 good
2 0 3 good
deadline partition sector status
3 0 4 good
3 0 6 good
deadline partition sector status
4 0 7 good
4 0 8 good
deadline partition sector status
5 0 10 good
5 0 11 good
deadline partition sector status
6 0 14 good
6 0 15 good
deadline partition sector status
7 0 17 good
7 0 16 good
deadline partition sector status
8 0 12 good
8 0 19 good
deadline partition sector status
9 0 13 good
9 0 18 good
deadline partition sector status
10 0 20 good
10 0 30 good
deadline partition sector status
11 0 23 good
11 0 27 good
deadline partition sector status
12 0 24 good
12 0 21 good
deadline partition sector status
13 0 25 good
13 0 26 good
deadline partition sector status
14 0 22 good
14 0 28 good
deadline partition sector status
15 0 29 good
15 0 37 good
deadline partition sector status
16 0 31 good
16 0 35 good
deadline partition sector status
17 0 33 good
17 0 34 good
deadline partition sector status
18 0 32 good
18 0 39 good
deadline partition sector status
19 0 40 good
19 0 48 good
deadline partition sector status
20 0 51 good
20 0 63 good
deadline partition sector status
21 0 56 good
21 0 57 good
deadline partition sector status
22 0 36 good
22 0 44 good
deadline partition sector status
23 0 38 good
23 0 49 good
deadline partition sector status
24 0 41 good
24 0 42 good
deadline partition sector status
25 0 43 good
25 0 45 good
deadline partition sector status
26 0 46 good
26 0 47 good
deadline partition sector status
27 0 50 good
27 0 71 good
deadline partition sector status
28 0 53 good
28 0 60 good
deadline partition sector status
29 0 58 good
29 0 59 good
deadline partition sector status
30 0 52 good
30 0 54 good
deadline partition sector status
31 0 55 good
31 0 64 good
deadline partition sector status
32 0 61 good
32 0 68 good
deadline partition sector status
33 0 62 good
33 0 66 good
deadline partition sector status
34 0 67 good
34 0 69 good
deadline partition sector status
35 0 65 good
35 0 70 good
deadline partition sector status
36 0 72 good
36 0 73 good
deadline partition sector status
37 0 74 good
37 0 75 good
deadline partition sector status
38 0 77 good
38 0 84 good
deadline partition sector status
39 0 78 good
39 0 79 good
deadline partition sector status
40 0 76 good
40 0 81 good
deadline partition sector status
41 0 82 good
41 0 85 good
deadline partition sector status
42 0 86 good
42 0 80 good
deadline partition sector status
43 0 83 good
43 0 94 good
deadline partition sector status
44 0 87 good
44 0 95 good
deadline partition sector status
45 0 88 good
45 0 89 good
deadline partition sector status
46 0 90 good
46 0 92 good
deadline partition sector status
47 0 93 good
47 0 91 good
恢复现已完成，记得多备份